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Film Adaptations Classification Theory

I am currently writing a list of my favourite movie endings, but since that will take a lot of time, here is a sort of prologue that I will be referencing a lot in the upcoming list. This is a sort of my personal classification of book-to-film adaptations that I thought of one sleepless night. Hope it's not too confusing. Please do share your thoughts. Here we go:
1Wax Fang
Victory Laps


1) A VISUALISATION is a way of letting people too lazy to read get to know the story in question. It's the most unfortunately popular kind of adaptation, one that does not bother with actually adapting the story per se, but rather simply drawing pictures of what previously was your imagination. It's the laziest form of adaptation and brings little to no cinematographic significance. Most that changes is setting, detail characteristics and some scenes. That is not to say that there are no such things as good Visualisations, but unfortunately, a lot of the times they are good because of the quality of the source material. But let's give the a benefit of the doubt, shall we? Certainly, some Visualisations are necessary if the creators don't want the source material to be forgotten. As such it may be very recent Arrival by Denis Villeneuve. Admittedly, it is a decent film that managed to straighten up the needlessly rushed ending of the original story by Ted Chiang.
2Wax Fang
Victory Laps


And to their credit, they did bring the largely unknown tale of a human interacton with aliens through language and science to broader audiences. If it wasn't for this film, Ted Chiang's brilliantly constructed blend of science and fiction would have probabl died in oblivion. However, the film is still quite pedantic in following the story without changing all that much, although granted, change may not be possible in a story like that for that story to work. Still, one might only wonder at what exactly could it have been had they recreated the story into a completely differently structured experience. Speaking of which...
3The Black Angels
Death Song


2) REIMAGINATION - Restructuring the story told into a whole new unique universe (heh). You take the story as it is and take it apart piece by piece like a mosaic and put it in a different order. Without much further ado, let's jump straight into the example. Tinker Tailor Soldier Spy is not only one of my favourite films with one of my favourite endings, but it also is one of my favourite adaptations and an textbook example of how does one do a correct kind of adaptation. Let's dissect this mother, shall we? SPOILERS AHEAD: The plot resolves around an investigation, led by a former MI6 administrator Smiley, to reveal a mole in the agency. Someone has been leaking informations to the USSR, but also vice versa, to the UK. And nobody would have found anything out if it wasn't for the failed mission of one Jim Prideaux, who was said to have been killed in action.
4The Black Angels
Death Song


Now, the book starts off with the character of Jim Prideaux teaching and interacting with children at a boarding school, only much later do we find out that he is in fact a retired MI6 agent, who was believed to have been killed in action. We find out his story through a series of snippets and points of view from a myriad of different characters, including himself eventually. Everyone explains just how little and what exactly do they know about Jim's failed mission and what could that mission be, until Jim explains it himself in all of the glorious detail. For fairness sake, this is an extremely superficial explanation and you really have to read the book and watch the movie too, because there is much much much more going on and the whole mole conspiracy is extremely complicated and hard to digest fully in just one quick explanation. Just keep that in mind.
5The Black Angels
Death Song


It the film however, we start off with the mission itself and then dissect what went wrong and how did the mole interfere. And that is not the only instance of recreating the plot in the movie. Where we get the answers to the mystery in the film is where the book begins. It is hard to tell whether one should first experience the literary predecessor or a film adaptation, because they are so differently structured. The very beginning of the book will spoil one of the twists (one of many) in the movie, and vice versa. Even though the story is so convoluted, the writers of the film managed to turn it into the exactly reversed version of itself and yet just as convoluted and complex.
Now that's a Reimagination. The same story, but shown from a completely different perspective.
6And Also The Trees
Born Into The Waves


3) A PURE/TRUE ADAPTATION - This is what I've been going towards all this time. The one true form, taking the existing story and making it an absolutely different one. I can't talk around it, so let's just jump right into it with Andrey Tarkovsky's masterpiece that is 'Stalker' from 1979. At first look, the movie and the book have almost nothing in common. However, upon deeper dissecton, you will find that it is basically the same story; not only in its setting, but also the characters and the central philosophy. Although it is never really directly referenced, you might just figure out that the main character in both book and the film is the same. But that is only a speculation. You can say it is a sort of first of its kind sequel spin-off in a different format, from its predecessor. The events in the book are almost seen as a mythology in the film and the event in the film are indirectly linked to the events in the book.
7And Also The Trees
Born Into The Waves


But in spite of all of these similarities, the two are vastly different pieces. The book is dynamic, ambitious and almost epic even, whereas the film is absolutely sombre, conversational and slow pace. It seems that the film is an aftermath of the book, which would explain the theory about the main character being the same. The Stalker thought he knew the Zone, but the Zone revealed its true self to him only once he was ready. The magic globe and the "Room" may not be physical things. They are rather an idea that the Zone implants in your brain through a series of tests. It shows you your true self, it doesn't actually make wishes come true (or at least not anymore if we take it that the film takes place chronologically much later than the book).
8And Also The Trees
Born Into The Waves


And that's the True Adaptation. The book and the film seem to compliment each other, giving one another more meaning and expanding already vast universe. It almost seems that they depend on each other and together give us more clues to the Zone's full meaning.
And this is why I think that Stalker is an ethalone of adaptations and shows just what a true adaptation should look like. Of course, there are other examples of True Adaptation, it's just that I don't think there is an example as obvious as Stalker. Of course, you can take Trainspotting, which turned from bittersweet and a lot of the times disgusting tale about human scum into an obscure, absolutely mind-melting and almost cynical artistic statement. Of course, I could mention Kiss Kiss Bang Bang that went from an okay Thriller novel into a cult classic Detective Comedy. But I didn't include that one, because the book isn't that well known and the film isn't exactly a cinematic stable.
9And Also The Trees
Born Into The Waves


Sorry that I turned this whole thing into Stalker worship, but it is the greatest example of what I believe an adaptation should be. A completely new look on a subject. After all, that is the point of it all. A writer or a director comes across a story and thinks to himself how could he make it better, or how could he inerpret that under his own viewing.
10Griddle
Meat Kite


HONORABLE MENTIONS)
11Griddle
Meat Kite


Understandibly, something like a FAILED ADAPTATION can't be an actual category, because whatever it was supposed to be, it isn't that in the end. I'm not even talking about simply bad movies. I mean something that was supposed to be either a Reimagination or a Pure Adaptation, but the experiment didn't fly and the end result was more or less a flop. As an example I could give you Predestinantion with Ethan Hawke. An original short story 'All You Zombies' by the master of time travel science fiction Robert A. Heinlein is a decent enough tale that was nothing more than Heinlein's own attempt at creating a rather absurd and much weirder story than any he has ever done before, plus with some shock-effect value to it (more or less). The movie, took it way too seriously and misinterpreted the obscurity of the story itself. The result was just a paradox for the sake of being a paradox.
12Griddle
Meat Kite


A similar fate hit an adaptation of High Rise, which decided not to bother with a realistinc plot line and focus rather on the philosophical side of the spectrum, while leaving the very explanation as to why are the characters where they are. The movie just tried to be kind of artsy and surreal, but leaving out the most important aspects of the book's logic.
Or 'The Sound of Thunder', which was supposed to be a form of True Adaptation, I guess. But Ray Bradbury's slow pace head-bugger was turned into a horror action with mutant monkeys and Pterodactyls. Terrific.
13Griddle
Meat Kite


Moving on to another not-so-much-an-actual-category that is META ADAPTATION. It may actually be its own type, but the instances of that are so rare that I hesitate to call it one. Now, I know my example might not be an actual adaptation and certainly breaks all the rules I set up previously (like it's not a book-to-film, but book-to-play), but heck, it's meta, innit? 'Rosencrantz and Guildenstern are Dead' by Tom Stoppard is a brilliant mockary of Shakespearean Hamlet. It puts all that happens in Hamlet through a lense of Reimagination, but on a whole other level, creating something the world has never seen before that.
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