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As you know, a 7th chord is made up of a 1, 3, 5, and 7. They can be altered any way you want, but to be a 7th chord it must have those components. To harmonize a scale means to take each note and construct a chord from that scale (Most people usually use 7th chords for this because it contains all the chord tones and no extensions). So...
To harmonize the Major scale, start off with the notes of the Major scale:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
In C, that would be:
C D E F G A B
So, go through each note and find their relative 3, 5 and 7. (In this list I wrote down the note I harmonize, the name of its 7 chord, the chord tones relative to C, and the chord tones relative to the root in that order) [I also put the extenions in brackets, but ignore those if you are only learning harmonization]
C - C Maj7 - 1 3 5 7 - 1 3 5 7 [9 11 13]
D - D Min7 - 2 4 6 1 - 1 b3 5 b7 [9 11 13]
E - E Min7 - 3 5 7 2 - 1 b3 5 b7 [b9 11 b13]
F - F Maj7 - 4 6 1 3 - 1 3 5 7 [9 #11 13]
G - G Dom7 - 5 7 2 4 - 1 3 5 b7 [9 11 13]
A - A Min7 - 6 1 3 5 - 1 b3 5 b7 [9 11 b13]
B - B Min7b5 - 1 b3 b5 b7 [b9 11 b13]
For Melodic Minor, you do the same thing, except that the notes in the scale are differentm therefore the chords are different.
Melodic Minor:
1 2 b3 4 5 6 7
In C:
C D Eb F G A B
Here is the reharmonization, same pattern repeated as above:
C - C Min (Maj7) - 1 b3 5 7 - 1 b3 5 7 [9 11 13]
D - D Min7 - 2 4 6 1 - 1 b3 5 7 [b9 11 13]
Eb - Eb Maj7 #5 - b3 5 7 2 - 1 3 #5 7 [9 #11 13]
F - F Dom7 - 4 6 1 b3 - 1 3 5 b7 [9 #11 13]
G - G Dom7 - 5 7 2 4 - 1 3 5 b7 [9 11 b13]
A - A Min7b5 - 6 1 b3 5 - 1 b3 b5 b7 [9 11 b13]
The last note of the Melodic Minor scale is a bit different. It can be used as different chords:
B - B Min7b5 - 7 2 4 6 - 1 b3 b5 b7
OR more commonly, although this is slightly more complex:
B - B Dom7 - 1 3 b7 [b9 #9 #11 b13]
If you were just looking to understand harmonizing scales, ignore that last bit. Hope that helps
Questions:
IM: FreeMusicNo1
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